Simple Learning - Yuvi Study Point

Hey everyone, so today we are going to learn about the static relay. It's working, explanation, etc.  So, without wasting any time lets get started.  What are static relays? Static relays are electrically operated switch that has no moving parts or we can say that the term static implies or states that the relay has no moving parts or the relay which does not have any moving part is known as the static relay.   In this relay, only D.C supply is given to the relay measuring unit, amplifier, output device and to the trip circuit. Which means the output is obtained by the static components like an electronic circuit, magnetic circuit, etc. The static unit is used to obtain the response and the electromagnetic relay is used for switching operation. So this static relay consists of the static and electromagnetic relays. More brief information about static relays. The static relay only gives a response to the electrical signal. The design of st...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Triac in a simple or easy way. So, without wasting any time lets get started. What is Triac? Triac is a semiconductor device which is widely used in switching applications & power controls. In triac the SCR'S are connected in inverse parallel. I have shown and elaborated the basic structure, electrical equivalent circuit & schematic symbol of the triac in my lecture whose link and video is given in the ending. Now, let's start learning about triac by first knowing its introduction. Introduction & information about TRIAC. Traic is a three-terminal A.C switch which triggers into conduction mode when we apply low energy signal in its gate terminal.   And how triac is different from SCR?  How TRIAC differs from an SCR? Let's study about it, SCR will conduct only in one direction when it gets turned on but Triac can conduct in either direction in the same circuit when it is turned on. ...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Active transducers & Passive transducers. So, without wasting any time let's get started. Why we use Active & Passive transducers? Physical forces like pressure, displacement, etc are difficult to measure and for measuring them, devices are required which converts the physical quantity into measurable energy.  And this conversion or we can say the function is done by the help of transducer.  Which converts the physical or non-measurable quantity into a measurable quantity. ACTIVE TRANSDUCER Active transducer does not require or does not need any power source for their operation. For example ~ thermocouple, photovoltaic cell, etc.  Active transducers produce an electrical signal which is proportional to the input physical quantity. Additional energy is not required in active transducers. The design of the active transducer is simple or complicated?  Its design is very simple. Active...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Economiser in a simple or easy way. So, without wasting any time lets get started. The working of an Economizer. Economizer reuses the heat of the flue gases so as to increase the efficiency of the machine or device. Or we can say that it makes the machine or device more energy efficient. It alone increases 8% efficiency of the machine by only reusing the flue gases heat. It is used in steam power plants to capture the waste heat from boiler stack gases or flue gases and transfer it to the boiler feedwater. And this will raise the temperature of the boiler feedwater and lowers the needed energy input. Basically, it is used to reduce energy consumption as it recycles the energy produced within a system. Economizer is a mechanical device.   https://youtu.be/scxizKi7kZQ { In this lecture video I have explained about Economiser, it's working, flue gases, etc properly in a simple or easy way. So, pl...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Overcurrent relays in a simple or easy way. So, without wasting any time lets get started. Against excessive currents over current protections protects electrical power. These excessive currents are caused by short circuits, ground faults, etc. The over-current relay consists only one current operated element means there is no voltage coil etc is required to construct this protective relay. As I have already said that, in an overcurrent relay the actuating quantity is only current. There would be essentially a current coil in an overcurrent relay. When a normal current flows through this current coil, then the magnetic effect generates by the coil which is not sufficient to move the moving element of the relay. And in this condition, the restraining force is greater than the deflecting force. But when the current through the coil increases, then the magnetic effect also increases and after a certain level or value of cur...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Merz price differential protection of alternator. So, without wasting any time lets get started. Currents at the two ends of the protected section are compared in this scheme of differential protection of alternators. under the normal operating conditions, these currents are equal. But when a fault occurs in the protected section these currents become unequal. The most common system which is used for the protection of the stator winding faults employs circulating-current principle. Phase to phase fault and phase to earth fault, these are the two types of faults which occur in an alternator stator.  And through the operating coil of the relay, the difference of the currents under fault conditions is arranged to pass. And after this, the relay closes its contact to isolate its protected section. Or we can say to isolate its healthy section from the faulty section. And this form of protection is also known as Merz- pric...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about LVDT (Linear variable differential transformer or transducer). So, without wasting any time lets get started. https://youtu.be/BkqhqVzaH54 LVDT'S are used to measure the displacement. It is similar to RVDT but LVDT employs soft or flexible iron core for displacement measurement and RVDT employs a cam-type core or a rotary ferromagnetic core. LVDT is a common type of electromechanical transducer. Applications of LVDT ~ power generation, aerospace, industrial automation, test, and measurement, subsea, etc. It converts the linear displacement into an electrical signal through the principle of mutual induction. LVDT'S main components are the transformer and the core. It is basically an electromechanical sensor which I have told you which is used to convert mechanical motion or vibrations, more specifically a rectilinear motion into a variable electrical current, electric signals or voltage. Now, let's see ...

Hey everyone, today we are going to simply learn about RVDT (Rotary variable differential transformer). So, without wasting any time lets get started. RVDT is a passive transducer which means it requires an external power source. Its designing is same as like LVDT (Linear variable differential transformer o transducer) but the main dissimilarity is that RVDT has a cam-type core or we can say rotary ferromagnetic core which means the shape of the core is different because LVDT consists or employs flexible iron core for displacement.   And by the help of shaft, this core will turn or rotate among the two windings of the transformer. The shape of an RVDT is cam-shaped. Three conditions which occur is RVDT is ~ *when the core or shaft is placed at the null position then the induced e.m.f in secondary windings are similar as well as revers in phase. E0 = E1- E2 = 0 *When the core rotates in a clockwise direction, in this the more section of the core will enter ...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn the difference between the fire tube and water tube boiler in an easy way. So, without wasting any time lets get started. Fire-tube boiler In fire tube boilers water surrounds the hot flue gases which were passing through the tube which means water is flowing from outside of the tube or we can say water flows from the shell.   The fire-tube boilers are generally low or medium pressure boilers and they generally operate at low pressure up to 20 bar.  In fire tube boilers there are disadvantages like load fluctuations cannot be handled. The efficiency of fire tube boilers is less as compared to water tube boilers. Its efficiency is up to 75 % and it can be increased by using some other accessories.  It has a very low rate of steam generation and quality of steam is also very low therefore it is not suitable for power generation. These boilers are almost internally fired and at the one end of the fire tube boile...

Hey everyone, today we are going to understand about Impulse turbine. So, without wasting any time lets get started. In an impulse turbine, we are generating power by making the use of high-speed water jet impact. once, we have high-speed water jet, we can use its impact to rotate a turbine. In impulse turbine potential energy of the water is converted into kinetic energy by passing it through a nozzle. Impulse turbine is totally remain dipped in water. We can say that the impulse turbine uses Newton's second law of motion as it totally depends on two main factors i.e, the mass of water which was flowing into the turbine and change in the velocity of the flow coming into the turbine to that of going out of turbine after impact.                                 As with a considerable decrement in the velocity, the mass of water entering into the turbine is same as that of mass coming out of t...

Hey everyone, so today we are going to learn about shielded metal arc welding. So, without wasting any time lets get started. The operation of shielded metal arc welding is such that, an electric arc is generated by only touching the tip of a coated electrode against the workpiece and withdrawing it quickly at a distance which was sufficient to maintain the arc and this is the reason why we can also call it as manual metal arc welding.      Shielded metal arc welding also is known as stick welding or flux shielded arc welding. In shielded metal arc welding we use consumable electrode which means the flux is covered on the rod. Shielded metal arc welding is mostly used to weld copper, iron, aluminium, nickel, etc. For joining the metal electric arc is formed with the help of electric current. And the arc is formed in between the metal and the electrode. The electric current is maybe in the form of alternating current or direct current. The el...

Hey everyone, today we are going to see the simple difference between Alternator and Generator. So, without wasting any time lets get started. Alternator   An alternator is a machine that converts mechanical energy from a prime mover into the A.C electrical power at a specific frequency and voltage. Alternator induces an alternating current. The input supply in the alternator is taken from the stator.  The alternator has a variable output e.m.f. The alternator is smaller in size as compared to the generator and that's why it requires less space as compared to the generator. The output of the alternator is higher than the generator. The alternator has a wide range of rotation per minute (RPM). The armature of an alternator is stationary which means in an alternator, electricity is produced when the magnetic field spins inside the stator (winding of wire).    The alternator has a rotating magnetic field. A dead battery is can't be charged by an alterna...

Hey everyone, today we are going to learn about Submerged arc welding process. So, without wasting any time lets get started. The submerged arc welding process is basically an arc welding process in which electric arc generates heat and this arc is established between bare consumable electrode wire and the workpiece. or we can say in which arc is struck between a consumable metal electrode and the workpiece. The submerged arc welding process is also known as high current welding process sometimes even greater than 1000 amperes. It is a kind of welding process which has high welding speed and it offers deep penetration with a high deposition rate. In submerged arc welding process welding arc and weld pool is completely submerged in granular fusible & molten flux this is the only reason why we called this welding process as submerged arc welding process.  During the process of welding, the arc generates heat by the help of which granular flux is melted and it forms a...

Hey everyone, today in this blog we are going to study about reaction turbine. So, without wasting any time lets get started. By reacting to the pressure or weight of the fluid the reaction turbines develop torque. Reaction turbines are used in different power plants and mills all around the world. For example ~ hydropower plants, windmills Etc. To generate electricity efficiently.  Have you ever heard about Newton's third law of motion? The operation of the reaction turbine is can be properly explained or described with the help of Newton's third law of motion. Newton's third law of motion states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Because when water is coming out from both the nozzles then in the opposite direction of the nozzles a reaction force is generated which makes the rotor to rotate or we can say the reaction force develops torque. And this procedure shows that every action has an equal and opposite reaction which means (the newton...

Without wasting any time lets start learning about Electric Heating. Heating is something which is required for domestic as well as industrial purposes. Electric heating is a process in which electrical energy is converted into heat energy and the electric heater is a device which converts electric current into heat.   In domestic purposes, heating is required for cooking, water heating, ironing, etc and for industrial purposes heating is required for welding, for melting metals, for enameling of copper, etc. Electric heating has many advantages like it is free from dirt so the minimum effort is required for cleaning. An electric heating system is economical as compared with other conventional heating systems because it's running and installation cost is low.      So now let's see the different methods of electric heating. Power frequency heating Power frequency heating is further subdivided into two different categories. Resistance heatin...

Hey guys, have you ever heard about Ohm's law, ok so I will teach you in an easy way. So let's get started. It is the basic rule of electricity and it explains the relationship between voltage, electric current & resistance. Ohm's law states that the electric current which is flowing through a circuit or conductor is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance. In other words, if resistance is not changed then the electric current flowing through a conductor will increase with the increase in voltage. And if the voltage is not changed then the electric current which is flowing through a conductor decreases with the increase in resistance.    Ohm's law formulas, V = I * R R = V / I I = V / R Ohm's law states that Resistance (R) of the conductor is constant. [*Note = But research shows that the resistance is directly proportional to the length of the conductor and inversely proportional to the cross-sec...

You all have heard about the Corona effect in transmission lines, now understand it in a simple way. This effect is a phenomenon which is associated with all transmission lines. At certain conditions, the electric field closer or near the energized conductors or components produces a tiny electric discharge or we can say corona which causes the surrounding air to ionize. And due to this ionization of surrounding air molecules of conductors, a luminous glow with hissing noise is produced which is known as Corona effect. Between the transmission lines, air act as a dielectric medium or we can say that air act as an insulator between current-carrying conductors. Between the conductors, voltage induces and if this voltage is of alternating nature then charging current will flow between the conductors. And the voltage of this transmission line and electric field intensity increases because of this charging conductor. There is a predetermined value of the electric field inten...